Birds

Birds are possibly one of the simplest vertebrate groups to sample in terms of methods used, but are more complex due to the high diversity in any one area and the variety of calls and colour changes within a species.

The following trapping techniques are used with birds:

visual and call census
tape recorded calls
mist nets
additional signs

Visual and call census
Target group: all species

Description: most widely used and effective method. Involves identifying species visually (either by naked eye or using binoculars). Bird calls are extremely useful for surveying birds.

Tape-recorded calls
Target group: most species, especially territorial ones.

Description: a call of a particular species is played though a speaker system. Conspecifics (individuals of the same species) in the vicinity will be attracted to the source of the call. This technique is very useful when targeting species with territories (e.g. fairy-wrens).

Mist-nets
Target group: most small to medium sized-birds.

Description: fine, lightweight nylon mesh strung between two poles. Often located close to water to catch birds as they come to drink. The fine nature of the nylon mesh avoids detection by birds. They then become entangled. It is very important to remove captured individuals as quickly as possible to decrease stress and the risk of injury.

Note: in addition to the usual fauna survey and ethics permits, mist-metting must be carried out or supervised by a person who is certified by the Australian Bird and Bat Banding Scheme.

Additional signs
Target group: all birds

Description: the identification of old eggs, nests and feathers or other signs (e.g. owl pellets) provide important evidence on the presence of species in a survey area.

For more information Weblink 1.http://www.birdsaustralia.com.au/ Birds Australia Home Page. This site provides an excellent range of resources for the beginner through to professional. Includes an overview of ornithological research in Australia. 2. http://www.birdobservers.org.au Bird Observers Club of Australia Home Page. Similar but less comprehensive site for people interested in bird watching. Very good source for merchandise such as books, tapes and videos.