Responses of Terrestrial Animals to Environmental Change
In this module we will examine the ways in which terrestrial animals respond to environmental change.
In the first topic, we will explore animal responses to seasonal changes in the environment. These responses range from spectacular migrations to subtle changes in metabolism that require detailed laboratory studies to detect. There are behavioural responses, physiological responses, and responses that combine behaviour with physiology. We will then integrate these different responses by exploring seasonal energy budgets of some animals, and this allows us to understand the relative importance of each of these adaptations.
In the second topic, we will consider the consequences of climate change, in particular global warming, on animals.
Readings
Please read the following articles in Reading List. Read them to understand the main points rather than the fine detail. For example, in the article by Dayananda et al. (2021), I am more interested in you reading the first part of the paper that reviews the different types of impacts of climate change on reptiles, rather than concentrating on the specifics about Sri Lanka.
- Geiser, F., G. Kortner, T.A. Maddocks, and R.M. Brigham. (2006). Torpor in Australian birds. Acta Zoologica Sinica. 52(Supplement): 405-408.
- Geiser, F. (2004). The role of torpor in the life of Australian arid zone mammals. Australian Mammology 26:125-134.
- Tracy, C.R., Christian, K.A., Reynolds, S.J., McArthur, L., Tracy, C.R. 2007. Ecology of aestivation in an Australian frog, Cyclorana australis (Hylidae). Copeia 2007:901-912.
- Huey, R.B., M.R. Kearney, A. Krockenberger, J.A.M. Holtum, M. Jess, and S.E. Williams. 2012. Predicting organismal vulnerability to climate warming: roles of behavior, physiology and adaptation. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B. 367:1665-1679.
- O'Connor, R. S., Le Pogam, A., Young, K. G., Robitaille, F., Choy, E. S., Love, O. P., ... & Vézina, F. (2021). Limited heat tolerance in an Arctic passerine: Thermoregulatory implications for cold‐specialized birds in a rapidly warming world. Ecology and evolution, 11(4), 1609-1619.
- Dayananda, B., Bezeng, S. B., Karunarathna, S., & Jeffree, R. A. (2021). Climate Change Impacts on Tropical Reptiles: Likely Effects and Future Research Needs Based on Sri Lankan Perspectives. Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, doi: 10.3389/fevo.2021.688723.
- Beltrán, I., Perry, C., Degottex, F., & Whiting, M. J. (2021). Behavioral Thermoregulation by Mothers Protects Offspring from Global Warming but at a Cost. Physiological and Biochemical Zoology, 94(5), 302-318..